Computer components the stored program concept and the internet

Combined with the port number this creates a socket that data is being sent from and a socket that data is being sent to, namely Finally the link layer attaches the MAC address of the sender and the recipient, allowing the packets to be directed to a specific network interface on the IP Address host machine. However, as you have seen, sometimes data can get lost on the internet or packets can arrive in an order differing to the one you sent them in.

With something like a computer game or telecommunications you can't wait for a slow packet to find its way across the internet.

This would result in voice messages slowing down and computer games becoming unresponsive. There is another protocol called UDP that doesn't ask for a confirmation that data packets have been received. This protocol is used heavily in networked computer games and voice over IP, as losing a packet here and there won't impact too badly on the overall game experience or voice conversation.

This is packet loss in action and a result of using UDP. A MAC address is a unique identifier assigned to a network device. It is used by the Link layer to direct messages to a particular network interface at the designated IP address.

MAC Address - a unique identifier assigned to network connections, embedded into every Network Interface Card during production. Application software - Used to perform a task that is independent of computer. System software - Software that performs tasks to run computer. General purpose software - type of software that can be used for a variety of tasks. Special purpose software - type of software created to execute one specific task.

Bespoke software - type of software designed specifically for an organisation to do the tasks set out by the organisation. Assembly language consists of mnemonics for machine opcodes so assemblers perform a translation from mnemonics to a direct instruction. For example:. Conversely, one instruction in a high level language will translate to one or more instructions at machine level. The most common reason for translating source code is to create an executable program converting from a high level language into machine language.

An interpreter program executes other programs directly, running through program code and executing it line-by-line. As it analyses every line, an interpreter is slower than running compiled code but it can take less time to interpret program code than to compile and then run it — this is very useful when prototyping and testing code.

Interpreters are written for multiple platforms, this means code written once can be run immediately on different systems without having to recompile for each. Interpreters allow for code to run on multiple platforms, it allows you to debug and test code without having to re-compile the entire source code.

For a computer game running on a home console, would you use a compiler or an interpreter? Explain why. Compiler: as it produces faster code. Also object code that is produced is difficult to read, meaning competitors won't easily be able to steal or users hack the code. Interpreter harder to get marks for this : As more and more developers create games for multiple platforms, an interpreted language would allow for code written once to be run on different consoles and even phone platforms.

For a simple learning tool that will be released on the web for school children to use at home, what would be the best choice of translator?

Interpreter : Students will be using different operating systems and hardware at home, so it is necessary to create code that is multi-platform.